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Understanding Manipuri: The Classical Dance of Manipur

A journey through the spiritual and ritualistic traditions of the Meitei people.

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Tags: Manipuri Dance · Indian Classical Dance · Meitei Culture · Raas Leela · Manipur Heritage

Manipuri
Photo: Manipuri, Post of Armenia / Wikimedia Commons, Public domain

Manipuri dance, also known as the Manipuri Raas Leela or Jagoi Raas, is one of the major Indian classical dance forms originating from the state of Manipur. It represents a significant element of the Meitei intangible cultural heritage and is considered a profound spiritual expression. The dance is recognized for its connection to the worship of the Hindu deity Krishna, with performances typically revolving around episodes from his life.

This classical form was formally developed by the Meitei Hindu king Ching Thang Khomba, also known as Rajarshi Bhagyachandra, of the Kingdom of Manipur. Today, it is officially recognized by the Sangeet Natak Akademi of the Ministry of Culture as a primary classical dance of India. Its cultural impact is celebrated annually through the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award for Manipuri.

Ritualistic Foundations

The Manipuri dance is not a singular tradition but a confluence of four distinct ritualistic practices. These include Lai Haraoba, Huyen Langlon, Meitei Nata Sankirtana, and the Raaslila. Together, these elements form the basis of the 'jagoi' style that defines the region's artistic identity.

These traditions are deeply rooted in the Meitei civilization, blending local rituals with spiritual themes. The resulting dance form is viewed as the highest spiritual expression within the worship of Krishna, showcasing the historical integration of religious devotion and physical movement.

Historical Development and Recognition

The formal development of Manipuri dance is credited to King Ching Thang Khomba, who ruled the Kingdom of Manipur. His efforts helped establish the structures and themes that characterize the dance today, specifically focusing on the narratives of Krishna's life.

Due to its vast influence on the cultural heritage of the Indian subcontinent, the dance has received significant national and international honors. It was even referred to as the 'national dance' during a joint postage stamp issue between Armenia and India, highlighting its importance on a global stage.

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