People of Bihar

Bihar, located in eastern India, is one of the most populous states in the country, with a population of approximately 125 million as of the 2021 Census. The state has witnessed a significant population growth over the years, with a diverse mix of urban and rural communities. About 88% of Bihar's population resides in rural areas, reflecting its predominantly agrarian economy.

Bihar is one of the most populous states in India, with a population that was recorded at approximately 125 million as per the 2021 Census. The state has experienced steady population growth over the years, characterized by a high birth rate and declining mortality rate. This has contributed to a population density of around 1,102 people per square kilometer, making it one of the most densely populated states in the country. The urban-rural split in Bihar reveals a predominantly rural demographic, with nearly 88% of its population living in rural areas. This reflects the state's agrarian lifestyle, where agriculture plays a central role in sustaining livelihoods. Patna, the capital city, serves as the primary urban center, housing over 1.6 million residents. Other major cities include Gaya, Bhagalpur, Darbhanga, and Muzaffarpur, which contribute to the urban landscape of Bihar. In terms of language, Bihar is linguistically diverse. Hindi serves as the official language, while regional languages such as Maithili, Bhojpuri, and Magahi are widely spoken. Maithili, in particular, is recognized as a distinct language under the Eighth Schedule of the Indian Constitution, and it holds considerable importance in the cultural and literary identity of the state. The literacy rate in Bihar has seen positive trends, with the 2011 Census reporting a literacy rate of 61.8%. However, the state continues to face challenges in education, particularly in rural areas where access and quality of education can vary significantly. Efforts are ongoing to enhance literacy and educational attainment, which have a direct impact on economic development and social empowerment. Bihar has a notable migration pattern, with many residents moving to metropolitan areas, both within India and abroad, in pursuit of better economic opportunities. This has resulted in a significant Bihari diaspora, particularly in countries like the United States, United Kingdom, and the Gulf nations.

• Population of Bihar: approx. 125 million (2021 Census)
• 88% of the population lives in rural areas
• Population density: ~1,102 people per sq. km
• Official language: Hindi; regional languages include Maithili and Bhojpuri
• Literacy rate: 61.8% (2011 Census)
• Major urban centers: Patna, Gaya, Bhagalpur, Darbhanga, Muzaffarpur